Calcium is the most abundant mineral in the human body. Approximately 99% of the total
body calcium is present, in form of hydroxyapatite–a lattice-like crystal composed of calcium,
phosphorus, and hydroxide–in bones and teeth, where it essentially plays a structural role.
The remaining calcium is in the extracellular fluid and in various tissues, where it regulates
numerous processes, including vascular tone, muscle contraction-dilation, nerve impulse
transmission, intracellular signaling, ATP production, and hormonal secretion. The …