Background Clinical distinction between patients with lupus nephritis who have active
inflammation or chronic kidney damage is challenging. Studies have shown soluble CD163,
which derives from cleavage of the CD163 M2c macrophage receptor and can be quantified
in urine, correlates with active lupus nephritis. Methods We measured urine CD163 at lupus
nephritis flares in patients from a Mexican cohort and cross-sectional and longitudinal
United States cohorts. We also performed serial urine CD163 measurements during the …