For decades, HDL and HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) levels were viewed as synonymous, and
modulation of HDL-C levels by drug therapy held great promise for the prevention and
treatment of cardiovascular disease. Nevertheless, recent failures of drugs that raise HDL-C
to reduce cardiovascular risk and the now greater understanding of the complexity of HDL
composition and biology have prompted researchers in the field to redefine HDL. As such,
the focus of HDL has now started to shift away from a cholesterol-centric view toward HDL …