Exploring the caves: cavins, caveolins and caveolae

CG Hansen, BJ Nichols - Trends in cell biology, 2010 - cell.com
CG Hansen, BJ Nichols
Trends in cell biology, 2010cell.com
Caveolae are ampullate (flask-shaped) invaginations that are abundant in the plasma
membrane of many mammalian cell types. Although caveolae are implicated in a wide
range of processes including endothelial transcytosis, lipid homeostasis and cellular
signalling, a detailed molecular picture of many aspects of their function has been elusive.
Until recently, the only extensively characterised protein components of caveolae were the
caveolins. Recently, data from several laboratories have demonstrated that a family of four …
Caveolae are ampullate (flask-shaped) invaginations that are abundant in the plasma membrane of many mammalian cell types. Although caveolae are implicated in a wide range of processes including endothelial transcytosis, lipid homeostasis and cellular signalling, a detailed molecular picture of many aspects of their function has been elusive. Until recently, the only extensively characterised protein components of caveolae were the caveolins. Recently, data from several laboratories have demonstrated that a family of four related proteins, termed cavins 1–4, plays key roles in caveolar biogenesis and function. Salient properties of the cavin family include their propensity to form complexes with each other and their different but overlapping tissue distribution. This review summarises recent data on the cavins, and sets them in the context of open questions on the construction and function of caveolae. The discovery of cavins implies that caveolae might have unexpectedly diverse structural properties, in accord with the wide range of functions attributed to these ‘little caves'.
cell.com