Objective: Recent studies have suggested that oxidative stress and DNA damage may play
a role in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder (BD). We investigated the effects of the
mood stabilizers lithium and valproate on amphetamine-induced DNA damage in an animal
model of mania and their correlation with oxidative stress markers. Methods: In the first
experiment (reversal model), we treated adult male Wistar rats with d-amphetamine (AMPH)
or saline for 14 days; between the 8th and 14th days, rats also received lithium, valproate or …