Autonomic control of cardiovascular function is mediated by a complex interplay between
central, peripheral, and innate cardiac components. This interplay is what mediates the
normal cardiovascular response to physiologic and pathologic stressors, including blood
pressure, cardiac contractile function, and arrhythmias. However, in order to understand how
modern therapies directly affecting autonomic function may be harnessed to treat various
cardiovascular disease states requires an intimate understanding of anatomic and …