Patients with severe peripheral artery disease (PAD) who are not candidates for
revascularization have poor prognosis. Cell therapy using peripheral blood-derived or bone
marrow-derived mononuclear cells, mesenchymal stem cells, or marker-specific subsets of
bone marrow cells with angiogenic properties may hold promise for no-option PAD patients.
Injected cells may exert beneficial actions by enhancing local angiogenesis (either through
maturation of endothelial progenitors, or through secretion of angiogenic mediators), or by …